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List of Cognitive Biases

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What is action bias?
What is Action Bias?

A video explaining Action Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on the IDFC…

What is Affect Heuristic?

A video explaining Affect Heuristic by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on the…

What is Alternative Blindness?

What is Alternative Blindness? And why it’s never just a two-horse race Alternative Blindness …

What is Alternative Paths?

What is Alternative Paths? And winning Russian Roulette Alternative paths are all the outcomes that …

What is Ambiguity Aversion?

What is Ambiguity Aversion? And the difference between risk and uncertainty Ambiguity aversion, or u…

What is Anchoring?

What is Anchoring? And why the wheel of fortune makes our heads spin Anchoring is a cognitive bias w…

What is Association Bias?

What is Association Bias? And why you shouldn’t marvel at your own existence Association Biase…

What is Authority Bias?

What is Authority Bias? And not bowing down to authority Authority bias is the tendency to attribute…

What is Availability Bias?

What is Availability Bias? And why we prefer a wrong map to no map at all Availability bias is the h…

What is Base-Rate Neglect?

What is Base Rate Neglect? And why when you hear hoofbeats, you shouldn’t expect a Zebra Base …

What is Because Justification?

What is ‘Because’ Justification? And making lame excuses Traffic jam on the highway betw…

What is Beginner’s Luck?

What is Beginner’s Luck? And why you should be wary when things get off to a great start Earli…

What is Chauffeur Knowledge?

What is Chauffeur Knowledge? And why you shouldn’t take news anchors seriously After receiving…

What is Cherry-picking?

What is Cherry-Picking? And drawing the bullseye around the arrow On their websites, hotels present …

What is Clustering Illusion?

What is Clustering Illusion? And why you see shapes in the clouds Consider the following examples: E…

What is Cognitive Dissonance?

WHAT IS COGNITIVE DISSONANCE AND SWEET LITTLE LIES What is Cognitive Dissonance? And sweet little li…

What is Coincidence?

What is Coincidence? And the inevitability of unlikely events Consider the following examples: Examp…

What is Confirmation Bias? (Part 1)

A video explaining Confirmation Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on th…

What is Confirmation Bias? (Part 2)

What is Confirmation Bias? And murdering your darlings In the previous article about Confirmation Bi…

What is Conjunction Fallacy?

What is Conjunction Fallacy? And the deception of specific cases Chris is 35. He studied social phil…

What is Contagion Bias?

What is Contagion Bias? And would you wear Hitler’s Sweater Following the collapse of the Caro…

What is Contrast Effect?

What is Contrast Effect? And why you should leave your super model friends at home In his book Influ…

What is Decision Fatigue?

What is Decision Fatigue? And how to decide better by deciding less For weeks, you’ve been working t…

What is Default Effect?

A video explaining Default Effect by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on the I…

What is Déformation Professionnelle?

What is Deformation Professionnelle? And why those wielding hammers see only nails A man takes out a…

What is Domain Dependence?

What is Domain Dependence? And why knowledge is non-transferable Writing books about clear thinking …

What is Effort Justification?

What is effort justification? And why it hurts so good Consider the following examples: Example 1 Jo…

What is Endowment Effect?

A video explaining Endowment Effect by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on the…

What is Envy?

What is Envy? And why you should build your own castle Three scenarios – which would irk you the mos…

What is Expectations?

What is Expectations? And why you should handle with care Consider the following example On 31 Janua…

What is Exponential Growth?

A video explaining Exponential Growth by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on t…

What is Fallacy of the Single Cause?

What is Fallacy of the Single Cause? And the stone-age hunt for scapegoats Consider the following ex…

What is False Causality?

What is False Causality? And you shouldn’t nelieve in the stork For the inhabitants of the Heb…

What is False-Consensus Effect?

What is False-Consensus Effect? And the myth of Like-Mindedness Which do you prefer: music from the …

What is Falsification of History?

What is Falsification of History? Any why you were right all along Winston Smith, a frail, brooding,…

What is Fear of Regret?

What is Fear of Regret? And why ‘last chances’ make us panic Consider the following two …

What is Feature-Positive Effect?

What is Feature-Positive Effect? And why checklists deceive you Two series of numbers: The first, se…

What is Forecast Illusion?

What is Forecast Illusion? And False Prophets ‘Facebook to be number one entertainment platform in t…

What is Forer Effect?

What is Forer Effect? And how to expose a charlatan Dear reader, it may surprise you, but I know you…

What is Framing?

What is Framing? And why it’s not what you say but how you say it Consider these two statement…

What is Fundamental Attribution Error?

What is Fundamental Attribution Error? And why you should never ask a writer if the novel is autobio…

What is Gambler’s Fallacy?

What is Gambler’s Fallacy? Any why the ‘balancing force of the universe’ is balone…

What is Groupthink?

What is Groupthink? And the calamity of conformity Have you ever bitten your tongue in a meeting? Su…

What is Halo Effect?

What is Halo Effect? And why everyone is beautiful at the top Cisco, the Silicon Valley firm, was on…

What is Hedonic Treadmill?

What is Hedonic Treadmill? And why you should be careful what you wish for Consider the following: O…

What is Hindsight Bias?

What is Hindsight Bias? And why you should keep a diary I came across the diaries of my great-uncle …

What is House-Money Effect?

What is House-Money Effect? And why money is not naked A windy fall day in the early 1980s. The wet …

What is Hyperbolic Discounting?

WHAT IS HYPERBOLIC DISCOUNTING AND WHY YOU SHOULD LIVE EACH DAY AS IF IT WERE YOUR LAST – BUT ONLY O…

What is Illusion of Attention?

WHAT IS ILLUSION OF ATTENTION AND WHY YOU HAVE NO IDEA WHAT YOU ARE OVERLOOKING  After heavy rains i…

What is Illusion of Control?

WHAT IS ILLUSION OF CONTROL AND WHY YOU CONTROL LESS THAN YOU THINK Every day, shortly before nine o…

What is Illusion of Skill?

WHAT IS ILLUSION OF SKILL AND WHY THE BOAT MATTERS MORE THAN THE ROWING  Why are there so few serial…

What is In-Group Out-Group Bias?

WHAT IS IN-GROUP OUT-GROUP BIAS AND WHY YOU IDENTIFY WITH YOUR FOOTBALL TEAM  When I was a child, a …

What is Inability to Close Doors?

WHAT IS INABILITY TO CLOSE DOORS AND WHY YOU SHOULD SET FIRE TO YOUR SHIPS  Next to my bed, two doze…

What is Incentive Super-Response Tendency?

WHAT IS INCENTIVE SUPER-RESPONSE TENDENCY AND WHY SHOULD NEVER PAY YOUR LAWYER BY THE HOUR To contro…

What is Induction?

A video explaining Induction Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on the I…

What is Information Bias?

A video explaining Information Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on the…

What is Intention-To-Treat Error?

WHAT IS INTENTION-TO-TREAT ERROR AND HOW SPEED DEMONS MAKE SAFE DRIVERS  You’ll find it hard to beli…

What is Introspection Illusion?

WHAT IS INTROSPECTION ILLUSION AND WHY YOU SHOULD BE YOUR OWN HERETIC  Bruce is in the vitamin busin…

What is It’ll-Get-Worse-Before-It-Gets-Better Fallacy?

WHAT IS THE IT’LL-GET-WORSE-BEFORE-IT-GETS-BETTER FALLACY AND WHY ‘NO PAIN, NO GAIN’ SHOULD SET ALAR…

What is Law of Small Numbers?

WHAT IS THE LAW OF SMALL NUMBERS AND WHY SMALL THINGS LOOM LARGE  You sit on the corporate board of …

What is Liking Bias?

WHAT IS LIKING BIAS AND WHY IF YOU LIKE ME, YOU REALLY REALLY LIKE ME Kevin has just bought two boxe…

What is Loss Aversion?

A video explaining Loss Aversion Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on t…

What is Motivation Crowding?

WHAT IS MOTIVATION CROWDING AND HOW BONUSES DESTROY MOTIVATION  A few months ago, a friend from Conn…

What is Neglect of Probability?

A video explaining Neglect of Probability Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Cle…

What is Neomania?

WHAT IS NEOMANIA AND WHY YOU SHOULD DISREGARD THE BRAND NEW  How will the world look in fifty years?…

What is News Illusion?

WHAT IS NEWS ILLUSION AND WHY YOU SHOULDN’T READ THE NEWS  ‘Earthquake in Sumatra.’  ‘Plane crash in…

What is Not-Invented-Here Syndrome?

WHAT IS NOT-INVENTED-HERE SYNDROME AND WHY YOU CAN’T BEAT HOME-MADE  My cooking skills are quite mod…

What is Omission Bias?

WHAT IS OMISSION BIAS AND WHY YOU ARE EITHER THE SOLUTION – OR THE PROBLEM   You are on a glacier wi…

What is Outcome Bias?

A video explaining Outcome Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on the IDF…

What is Overconfidence Effect?

A video explaining Overconfidence Effect by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly o…

What is Overthinking?

WHAT IS OVERTHINKING AND WHERE’S THE OFF SWITCH?  There was once an intelligent centipede. Sitting o…

What is Paradox of Choice?

WHAT IS THE PARADOX OF CHOICE AND HOW LESS IS MORE My sister and her husband bought an unfinished ho…

What is Personification?

WHAT IS PERSONIFICATION AND WHY YOU PREFER NOVELS TO STATISTICS For eighteen years, the American med…

What is Planning Fallacy?

WHAT IS PLANNING FALLACY AND WHY YOU TAKE ON TOO MUCH Every morning, you compile a to-do list. How o…

What is Primacy and Recency Effects?

WHAT IS PRIMACY AND RECENCY EFFECTS AND WHY FIRST IMPRESSIONS DECEIVE  Allow me to introduce you to …

What is Problem with Averages?

A video explaining Problem with Averages Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clea…

What is Procrastination?

WHAT IS PROCRASTINATION AND WHY NEW YEAR’S RESOLUTIONS DON’T WORK  A friend, a writer, someone who k…

What is Reciprocity Bias?

WHAT IS RECIPROCITY BIAS AND WHY YOU SHOULDN’T ACCEPT FREE DRINKS Not so long ago, you may have come…

What is Regression to Mean?

A video explaining Regression to Mean by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on t…

What is Salience Effect?

What is Salience Effect? And how eye-catching details render us blind The salience bias describes ou…

What is Scarcity Error?

WHAT IS NEGLECT OF PROBABILITY AND WHY THE LAST COOKIE IN THE JAR MAKES YOUR MOUTH WATER Coffee at a…

What is Self-Selection Bias?

WHAT IS SELF-SELECTION BIAS AND WHY YOU SHOULDN’T MARVEL AT YOUR EXISTENCE Travelling from Philadelp…

What is Self-Serving Bias?

A video explaining Self-Serving Bias by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on th…

What is Simple Logic?

WHAT IS SIMPLE LOGIC AND BEWARE OF SPEED TRAPS AHEAD!  Three easy questions. Grab a pen quickly and …

What is Sleeper Effect?

WHAT IS SLEEPER EFFECT AND WHY PROPAGANDA WORKS  During World War II, every nation produced propagan…

What is Social Comparison Bias?

WHAT IS SOCIAL COMPARISON BIAS AND WHY WE TAKE AIM AT YOUNG GUNS As one of my books reached number o…

What is Social Loafing?

WHAT IS SOCIAL LOAFING AND WHY TEAMS ARE LAZY   In 1913 Maximilian Ringelmann, a French enginee…

What is Social Proof?

A video explaining Social Proof by Rolf Dobelli the author of The Art of Thinking Clearly on the IDF…

What is Story Bias?

WHAT IS STORY BIAS AND WHY EVEN TRUE STORIES ARE FAIRY TALES Life is a muddle, as intricate as a Gor…

What is Strategic Misrepresentation?

WHAT IS STRATEGIC MISREPRESENTATION AND HOT AIR  Suppose you apply for your dream job. You buff your…

What is Sunk Cost Fallacy?

WHAT IS SUNK COST FALLACY AND WHY YOU SHOULD FORGET THE PAST The film was dire. After an hour, I whi…

What is Survivorship Bias?

WHAT IS SURVIVORSHIP BIAS AND WHY YOU SHOULD VISIT CEMETERIES No matter where Rick looks, he sees ro…

What is Swimmer’s Body Illusion?

WHAT IS SWIMMER’S BODY ILLUSION AND DOES HARVARD MAKE YOU SMARTER? As essayist and trader Nassim Tal…

What is The Black Swan?

WHAT IS THE BLACK SWAN AND HOW TO PROFIT FROM THE IMPLAUSIBLE  ‘All swans are white.’ For centuries,…

What is Twaddle Tendency?

WHAT IS TWADDLE TENDENCY AND IF YOU HAVE NOTHING TO SAY, SAY NOTHING  When asked why a fifth of Amer…

What is Volunteer’s Folly?

WHAT IS VOLUNTEER’S FOLLY AND WHY VOLUNTEER WORK IS FOR THE BIRDS  Jack, a photographer, is on the g…

What is Will Rogers Phenomenon?

WHAT IS WILL ROGERS PHENOMENON AND HOW TO INCREASE THE AVERAGE IQ OF TWO STATES Let’s say you run a …

What is Winner’s Curse?

WHAT IS WINNER’S CURSE AND WHY YOU SHOULD CURB YOUR ENTHUSIASM Texas in the 1950s. A piece of land i…

What is Zeigarnik Effect?

WHAT IS ZEIGARNIK EFFECT AND ACCOMPLISHING YOUR MISSIONS Berlin, 1927: a group of university student…